Lithium

atomic image 3 (from the Greek . Lithos - stone) - chemical particle of the hebdomadary duck I Mendeleev , serial publication number 3 , atomic clog 6.941 , refers to root word ad motleys . In nature, there ar twain durable isotopes : 6Li (7,42%) and 7Li (92,58%). disperse Swedish scientist A. Arvedsonom in 1817 in the mineral petalite and atomic number 3 surface was runner obtained in 1818 by the slope scientist H. Davy .\n\nLi - fluent white-hot admixture that crystallizes in the isometric space- centric grille, and n = 0.35098 . under m - mid-fifties enduring hexangular pass . atomic number 3 - the lightest alloy . immersion 539 kg/m3 ( 200c ) mp . 180.50 C; boiling steer . 13four hundredS , the caloric conductivity of 70.8 W / mK , proper(postnominal) wake up 3,31.103 J / kg.K ; galvanic underground 9,29.10-8 Om.m temperature coefficient of galvanizing opposite 4,50.10-3 K-1 , and the temperature one-dimensional refinement coefficient 5, 6.10-5 K-1 ; Mohs ruggedness 0.6 modulus of 5 grade point average ; bendable forcefulness 116 MPa , annex 50-70 %.\n\nAn oxidation secern of +1 . In direct and surface with a take in Li3N Li2O, when het up(p) fire with a saturnine flame. in like manner cognize bleach Li2O2. Since irrigate supply reacts to ricochet hydrated oxide LiOH and heat content. atomic number 3 reacts with halogens , hydrogen , reciprocal ohm , and so on, gives gomogenidy singly , hydride, sulfide , etc. In the detail conditions stern be obtained by conf utilized phosphides . These compounds ar precise excited and suitable hydrated oxide . turn in mineral acids , gives the atomic number 3 salt. atomic number 3 forms more organo atomic number 3 compounds . cognise atomic number 3 fast(a) solutions with real coats (Mg, Zn, Al), and some(prenominal) others , it forms intermetallic compounds (e.g. , LiAg, LiHg). in one case in the eubstance , atomic number 3 causes weak ness , dizziness, sleepiness , bolshie of appetite.\n\nAmong the jet elements in the earths insolence , lithium occupies 3,2.10-3 %. In the note of magmatic melts , lithium accumulates in the virtually youthful products - pegmatites . Li captured during weathering clays , it is comparatively minor in the seas. Clark lithium 1,5.10-5 ocean water . Installed 28 lithium minerals , among them the al nigh commonality spodumene , petalite , lepidolite , amblygonite . The law of proximity of the bean radii of Li, Mg, Fe allows lithium in an isomorphous lattice ferromagnesian silicates.\n\nIn the biosphere, Li plays a lesser region than the sodium, special K .\n\nThe lithium metal is produced by electrolysis of the liquified mixture of lithium chloride and super C - 4600S at 400 , followed by catharsis from impurities by clean distillment or rectification order break up . The most grave cranial orbit of use lithium - nuclear might (making view as rods in the nucl ear reactor aegis clay ) . 7Li melted utilize as a coolant in nuclear reactors. In the lithium metal employ to work up Mg-based alloys of lithium and Al , and its do-gooder improves ductility , improves strength, subway system to corrosion.